And igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks can become metamorphic rocks when they're exposed to And metamorphic rocksĪnd sedimentary rocks can become igneous rocks Igneous and metamorphic rocksĬan become sedimentary rocks if they're broken apart into sediments and go through lithification. Sedimentary rock, limestone, gets put under a lot of heat and pressure, it can turn into marble, but metamorphic rocks still When igneous, sedimentary, or even other metamorphic rocks change form and structureīecause of heat and pressure. The word metamorphosis, which describes when something changes from one form and structure to another. Squeezed or heated so much that the minerals inside itĪctually change composition. Rock has been created, it doesn't mean that it is done changing. Rock that is made with sediment that contains a lot ofĬalcium carbonate in it goes through lithification. The water can leave these minerals in between the sediment particles, which makes everything stick together. The layers of sediment, it can carry dissolve minerals with it. As more and more layers are created, the layers underneath themīecome squished together. This is when sediment isĭeposited in a new location and it spreads out to form a layer. Lith comes from the Greek word for stone. But how does sedimentary goop at the bottom of the lake become a rock? Well, it goes through a Rocks that are formed from sediments are called, you guessed Sediment from other rocks, crushed up shells, and plant matter. Maybe at the bottom of an ocean or a lake, and it might join other The sediment from our igneous rock can be moved around by wind and water. These little particlesĪre called sediments. Wind, and other physical forces chip away at a rock and cause little pieces to break off. The rock might begin to change through a process called weathering. Once an igneous rock isĬreated, its journey isn't over. If I buried my lava lamp in the ground, then I can call it a magma lamp. I keep my lava lamp above the ground, just like lava is above the ground. I always remember the difference between magma and lava like this. It forms like obsidian, tuff smaller crystals. Lava tends to cool quickly, which causes the rocks And this obsidian rock was made from lava, which is molten rock thatįlows above the ground. Magma tends to cool slowly underground, which gives time for the elements in it to form large crystals. So why do they look so different? Well, granite was made from magma, which is molten rock that exists below the surface of the earth. Another kind of igneous rock is obsidian, which is smooth and glassy, and is sometimes used Igneous rock is granite, which you've probably seen in bridges, buildings, and countertops. The Latin word igneus, which means fiery or burning hot. When this molten rockĬools and becomes solid, we call the rock it makes igneous rock. When put it the rightĬombination of heat and pressure, rocks can become molten and liquid. When geologists stare at a rock, they can figure out the rocks composition and tell the story of how it was created. And sometimes they change slowly, like when a rock is heated and compressed in the earth for thousands Sometimes they change quickly, like when an interrupting volcano launches molten rock into the air. No, rocks don't shapeshift into unicorns, but they do change shape and composition. Have you ever tried to hold a staring contest with a rock? If you did, you might not haveĮxpected that all that time you were staring at one of the sneakiest shape-shifters in the world.
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